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"China is close to the boundary of catch-up development. It will inevitably encounter the transformation of development mode and the transformation of growth momentum. It is to change from the input of production factors to the promotion of efficiency to promote growth."
A few days ago, at the "High-level Seminar on Informatization Situation Research Experts" held by the Central Network Security and Informatization Leading Group Office, Liang Chunxiao, vice president of Alibaba Group, put forward his own views on the current economic transformation of China. He believes that if we do not consider the growth brought about by the financial crisis response plan at the end of 2008, China's GDP growth rate has dropped from the historical high of 15% in the second quarter of 2007 to the low of 7.8% in 2012. It has entered one of the longest fallback cycles in recent years, and the transformation of China's economic growth mode is imminent.
In the long run, “the information economy is the core driving force for growth and transformationâ€, Liang Chunxiao pointed out, “Different from the industrial economy, after nearly half a century of development, the Internet and cloud computing have become new information infrastructure, big data development. Becoming a new type of production factor, the emergence of a large-scale, socialized new division of labor has prompted the evolution of business from mechanized systems to ecological systems, and the overall improvement of production efficiency. The information technology revolution represented by the Internet has created enormous productivity for society. And wealth."
Mega market emerges from information technology to create "dividends"
Liang Chunxiao combed the historical track of industrial development. From the second industrial revolution, the relationship between science and technology has become more and more close, and the breadth, depth and speed of technological progress have been greatly improved, and it has become the economic growth of the first industrialized countries. The main source. Energy and other energy power and information technology are the most representative general purpose technologies. The general purpose technology is not to solve specific problems, but to provide improvements and openness for other areas. In the developed countries of the West, the current general purpose technical revolution centered on information and communication technology has already exploded into a powerful economic energy in the world.
Taking the Internet as an example, as an emerging industrial sector, the global Internet economy has reached 2.3 trillion US dollars in 2010, accounting for 4.1% of the GDP of G20 countries, exceeding the sum of GDP of Italy and Brazil. In the UK, the contribution of the Internet economy to GDP has exceeded that of construction and education. In the United States, the Internet economy has contributed more to GDP than the federal government. In South Korea, the Internet industry ranks among the top six industry sectors. In China, the growth rate of the Internet economy is five times that of GDP growth, much higher than that of import trade, automobile industry and construction industry.
Like the industrial infrastructure, such as power, railway, and postal networks, the information infrastructure consisting of broadband, IDC, and cloud computing in the new era will solve the most important power and transportation problems in economic operations. This is also the pioneer capital of the economic development of the times and the carrier of all economic and social activities. The installation of new information infrastructure and the increase in the productivity of IT departments have led to a continuous decline in the prices of products and services, stimulating IT investments in various sectors of the economy, deepening IT capital, and completing the diffusion of new technologies and new elements. As the cost of information continues to decline, transaction costs are reduced, which in turn has spawned a new specialized division of labor. The large-scale transformation and reorganization of various industrial sectors has also formed a highly coordinated implementation of collaborative networks due to the immediate technical characteristics of information and data elements, and comprehensively improved production efficiency.
Information technology has created a “structural dividendâ€. In the process of information technology advancement driving the industry to move to the Internet in turn, the industrial structure plays an important role in information-intensive, and promotes the improvement of social productivity. The resulting “structural dividend†maintains sustained economic growth.
According to reports, from the late 1960s to the beginning of the 21st century, US companies spent 100 times more on software. After 1995, 31 of the 44 industries in the United States contributed to the accelerated economic growth. Although the four information technology production industries accounted for only 2.9% of GDP, the contribution to the US economic recovery accounted for four quarters. First, 17 industries that use information technology account for another quarter of the growth contribution.
Under the profound influence of the Internet economy, a giant market gradually emerged. The data shows that in 2013, the scale of e-commerce applications in China alone exceeded 10 trillion yuan, of which e-commerce transactions between enterprises exceeded 8 trillion yuan, and the proportion of online sales and purchases of small and medium-sized enterprises was close to 30%.
Liang Chunxiao said that these are just the beginning. Information technology is fully infiltrating into all areas of human activities and has a complex and profound impact on the economic, social and cultural life of countries around the world, including China. The resulting technological changes and changes in economic structure will promote economic growth and promote accelerated transformation.
After the prosperity, the hidden informationization needs to insist on demand-led
In recent years, China's informatization development has shown a rapid development trend. Under the guidance of a series of relevant national policies, the whole society has continuously attached importance and input to the development of informatization, which has greatly activated the information needs of all sectors of society, and thus China. The development of informatization has pushed to a climax.
But after this kind of prosperity, it also implies hidden concerns. "We should bear in mind that China's informatization development must proceed from the reality of China's economic and social development and informatization development, and we must not blindly pursue the wind. Otherwise, we are likely to become blind advocates of foreign technology and products. The promoters misled the Chinese enterprises and users and made the ITC industry go astray. At this meeting, Zhou Hongren, deputy director and deputy director of the National Informationization Expert Advisory Committee, expressed his objective evaluation of the current information technology development. .
Zhou Hongren pointed out that in recent years, the technology-driven phenomenon in China's informatization promotion is very obvious, and the frequent hype of related concept hotspots is worrying. "There are four main hotspots in the field of information technology, namely cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data and wisdom... The first three become technology tags, and the latter one becomes application tags." “In many informatization related documents of national ministries and local government departments, as well as in corporate propaganda presentations, these labels are basically inseparable in the declaration of various projects, achievements or achievements.†At the same time, “at the same time,†The phenomenon of four big labels is also very serious: cloud computing projects are labeled with IoT and big data, big data is labeled with cloud computing and Internet of Things, and the Internet of Things is also the same. A kind of technical label. Under the high temperature of hot frying, the four labels have been pulled up infinitely, so that the deformation has gone."
In this regard, Wang Xiujun, deputy director of the National Internet Information Office, further pointed out that in recent years, China's rapid development of information technology has also brought about some problems that need to be solved. If the digital divide continues to expand, universal services are still not in place; the information industry is not strong, and the core key technologies are not fundamentally changed by the people; the contradiction between the development of the information economy and the current management model is increasingly prominent, and the national governance capacity under the network environment needs to be improved. The risk prevention and security defense foundations are not strong, and the information security assurance capabilities are not compatible with the requirements of maintaining the strategic interests of the cyberspace countries.
Zhou Hongren emphasized that China's informatization development must adhere to demand-led rather than technology-led trajectories. This is an iron law of informationization. If this law is violated, informationization may go astray. China's informatization must be demand-driven, serving China's modernization process and urgent needs, and should not be technology-driven or technology-led. In order to adopt or develop a certain technology and promote the so-called informatization, rather than first considering this technology, whether it can solve the urgent needs of national or local economic and social development, it will be easy to go in the wrong direction.
The overall transformation of stock reform seeks a new starting point for the integration of the two
At present, China's information infrastructure is accelerating toward a three-dimensional multi-dimensional direction. The characteristics of technological system innovation and industrial ecological competition are becoming more and more obvious. The information economy is becoming a new impetus for economic growth.
Wang Xiujun said that in order to accelerate the development of informatization and further play the role of the information economy, the current tasks that the relevant government departments need to carry out urgently include: speeding up the adjustment and formulation of the national informatization development strategy, the development strategy of key information technologies, and improving China's information. The top-level design; clear informationization drives industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, and promotes new measures for the modernization of national governance systems and governance capabilities; accelerates information technology innovation, fosters strong industries; promotes open sharing of public information resources, and fully releases information dividends; Promote the construction of information infrastructure and develop the information economy; sixth, enhance the security capabilities of the network.
"Informatization-driven new industrialization, urbanization and modernization of agriculture is an insurmountable historical stage of China's transformation and development, and it is also a development task that China must undergo. It will provide sufficient space for innovation in the choice of path." Liang Chunxiao pointed out that in the future, China's informatization development should be based on a higher level of strategy.
Liang Chunxiao believes that China should "rise in the rise, stock change, and overall transformation." In the implementation process, the first phase is the incremental rise phase, and the development of Internet-based commercial infrastructure should be accelerated and services provided worldwide. The goal is to vigorously develop information productivity, promote structural adjustment with the information economy, stimulate domestic demand to release production capacity, expand investment space, and stabilize economic growth. The measures that relevant departments can take include focusing on the development of emerging information economies, such as e-commerce circulation systems, information consumption, e-commerce services, small and micro enterprises, and Internet finance. At the same time, the infrastructure of the information economy will be built, including broadband, cloud computing, and big data logistics networks.
The second and third phases are to seek the stage of stock reform and overall transformation. Through the improvement of the information economy system and governance model, continuous innovation will promote the flow of information elements.
It is understood that information technology, while changing the information structure and providing information flow, also has an impact on transaction costs, and spontaneously forms a new, lower transaction cost economic system innovation and institutional supply. Government departments should learn from the successful governance experience of the massive industry in the Internet industry, transform governance ideas, and foster ecological, platform, distributed, self-organizing governance mechanisms.
It is also necessary to use the information economy to drive and support the foundation, revitalize and transform the economic stock, further adjust the economic structure, strengthen the economic growth momentum, promote the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, change the circulation industry, and transform the economic growth mode.
For the future integration of China, Zhou Hongren suggested that "in recent years, there have been many international references to the integration of the two industries, such as the third industrial revolution, industrial Internet, 3G printing, German industry 4.0, etc." Among them, "It is especially worthwhile for Chinese companies to pay attention to Industry 4.0 proposed by Germany, which will have a lot of inspiration for us." He believes that this is essentially an enterprise-level informationization based on the Internet of Things and intelligent physical systems. The overall solution is a new starting point and new height for the integration of the two.
Information technology creates "dividends"
Abstract Facing the new normal of economic development, how to seize the historical opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation and transformation and upgrading is a major issue in regional economic development. Experts pointed out that it is necessary to establish Internet thinking, promote the application of information technology, and foster the development of the information economy as a new...
Facing the new normal of economic development, how to seize the historical opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation and transformation and upgrading is a major issue in regional economic development. Experts pointed out that it is necessary to establish Internet thinking, promote the application of information technology, and foster the development of the information economy. As a new dynamic, new ways and new fields for instigating government transformation, industrial transformation and enterprise transformation under the new normal, we will accelerate the cultivation of new formats and create new ones. Environment, strive to form new advantages in development, enhance regional comprehensive strength and urban competitiveness.