China's Neolithic pottery making methods can be roughly divided into hand-made, molded and wheeled. From the early hand-made system through the slow-wheel dressing to the development of the fast-wheeled pottery, it has undergone a long process of development. In other words, the earliest pottery was without a pottery wheel. The slow wheel was produced about 7,000 years ago. The Longshan culture in the lower reaches of the Yellow River was invented and used by the fast wheel 5,000 years ago. The hand system can be divided into a kneading method, a mud sheeting method, and a mud strip building method. The kneading method is limited to a small number of small objects, as well as accessories on the utensils, such as ears, feet, and hand-picked mud sticks attached to the utensils to form additional piles. The mud sheet sticking method is mainly popular in the southern part of China, and the mud strip building method is the main pottery method in the Yellow River basin including Gansu. The molding method is a pottery molding method based on a mold. Its primary stage is the mold dressing method. The painted pottery unearthed in the earthen pottery of the Dadiwan Cultural Site in China is made in this way. The molding process at the mature stage prevails in the Miaodigou and Long LLJ cultures in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The difference between the two is that the former applies mud on the mold, while the latter builds mud on the mold. The wheel method is a process of forming a ceramic wheel by rapid rotation. According to Mr. Li Wenjie, the body can be formed quickly only when the rotation speed reaches more than 90 minutes per minute. Below this speed, the runner can only be used to trim the body. It can be seen that although the slow wheel has been used for making ceramics, since the pottery cannot be formed, it can only be used as an auxiliary means to trim the body, so it cannot be turned into a wheel method. According to the research results, the forming methods of Gansu color pottery are mainly the mold dressing method and the mud strip building method. The earthenware section of Dadi Bay has a very distinctive feature, that is, the shards are layered. Mainly divided into inner and outer surface layer and inner tube layer, and the inner tube layer can be divided into two or three layers, the longitudinal through texture of each layer can be clearly seen from the section of the ceramic sheet. The inner and outer surfaces of the pottery trowel are red clay pottery, the inner layer is grayish black, and the uniform fine sand is sandwiched. The layered shedding phenomenon can be seen in the pottery pieces. From this, it is preliminarily judged that the ceramics are made of different layers of mud. Why can it be determined to be molded? There are several reasons: First, according to the common sense of ceramics, the ceramic wall made of mud strips is thicker, while the first pottery is thinner, generally 0.3 cm thick. Second, the first-stage type is simple, and many pottery sizes are the same, which further proves the possibility of molding; the third is also the most conclusive evidence, because the inner mold of the making object and the outer mold for making the spout are found. All are fired solid clay molds. Therefore, we confirmed that the earliest painted pottery was a mold potting method, that is, mainly based on the inner mold, directly extruding the mud into a mud sheet, and applying it layer by layer to the mold. The specific operation method is as follows: first place the inner mold on a wooden backing plate or a flat stone plate, and sprinkle a layer of fine dry soil on the surface of the mold so that the finished ceramic tire is separated from the mold. Place the mold on the backing plate while applying the mud with the head down for easy operation. Straight cans, deep abdomen cans, etc., because the inner mold wall is steep, the mud should be from bottom to top, otherwise if it is applied from top to bottom, the fetal heart will fall or break easily. The inner mold wall of the crucible has a gentle slope shape, which can be applied from the top to the bottom, or from the edge, from bottom to top. The most critical first step of applying mud is to apply the first layer of fetal core mud, squeeze the mud by hand to make it firmly attached to the mold without falling off, and then continue layer by layer. Apply mud to the top. The mud sheets applied by the layers should have a certain overlapping relationship, and the adhesive surfaces of the layers should be uneven, so that the pieces of the mud applied successively can be firmly bonded together. The ceramic tire is demoulded after molding, and then a layer of clay clay is applied by hand on the inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic tire. On the inner wall of some pottery, there is a bottom-up finger smear, which indicates that the surface is made of mud. When the mud is applied, the hands are placed inside and outside the object, and the force is pulled and squeezed, which eliminates the bubbles formed in the indirect beak of the mud layer, and eliminates and smoothes the gap of the wall, so that the structure of the ceramic tire is further tightly combined. The table is thus smooth and flat. The three-legged device in the faience is completed by splicing and mounting. It is made by hand and is easy to handle when the water evaporation is slightly dry and hard. The pre-made hole inserter is drilled into the hole, and then the inner bottom and the outer bottom are respectively covered with mud strips, the joint is squeezed and flattened, and then the mud is smeared. According to the study of pottery in the first phase of Dadiwan, the potter at this time not only uses the inner mold of the body, but also uses the outer mold of the pot neck (mouth), and is familiar with muddy mud and sand. Different properties of the mud, two kinds of mud are alternately used on the same object. These facts show that people have a wealth of experience, indicating that this mold clay method is not the most original method of ceramics. It is still unclear about its source and needs to be further studied and resolved. However, due to the complicated manufacturing process of the mold dressing method, and the shape and size of the blank are limited by the mold, it is difficult to manufacture large objects. Moreover, the shape of the produced articles is monotonous and the production efficiency is low. During the firing process, cracking and delamination are often caused, resulting in many waste products and defective products, which greatly restricts the further development of the ceramics. The increase in population and the development of the economy have brought about a large demand for pottery. In the continuous production practice, the pottery process has gradually developed, and this relatively backward pottery method has been followed by a new process - mud strip construction. It is replaced by law. The mud-splitting method is a typical and mature hand-made method, which is the most widely used and long-lasting ceramic forming technology in the Neolithic Age. In this method, the mud material is first smashed into a mud strip, and then the mud strip is used to form a green body. In Gansu, from the Yangshao culture about 7,000 years ago, to the Bronze Age, the main method of making pottery is to use mud. In other words, in addition to the Dadiwan culture, Gansu painted pottery basically uses this production technology. It should be noted that in the early days of Yangshao culture, the above two methods were used together. The pots and pots at the bottom of the pot are mostly painted pottery, and the mold is applied. Their pottery pieces are still layered, so it proved to be the same as the first phase of the production process. The difference is that each layer of ceramics is the same, all are fine clay pottery, and the layers are more tightly combined. The flat-bottomed and pointed-bottoms that are used in large quantities are replaced by mud-strips. In the flat bottom, sometimes there is a seam between the mud strips, and in the inner bottom of the sharp bottom bottle, a circle of mud streaks can be seen. In the middle of Yangshao, the bottom of the sputum was basically disappeared, and the method of building the mud was completely replaced by the mold application method. This shows that this is a long process of development. Medical Consumables,Hospital Consumables,Medical Consumable Products,Medical Device Consumables Yong Yue Medical Technology(Kunshan) Co.,Ltd , https://www.yongyuepcr.com