Fruit tree autumn cultivation technique

Now, in many places, people still have no habit of planting fruit trees in autumn. In fact, in addition to the fruit trees that are vulnerable to freezing and freezing, the end of autumn and winter is the best season for planting fruit trees. Here is a brief introduction to the autumn cultivation techniques of fruit trees.

First, the advantages of tree cultivation in autumn

1. At the end of autumn and winter, the temperature is more suitable for fruit planting, which is the second peak period of fruit tree root development. At this time, the fruit trees are planted, and the roots of the fruit trees are easily healed during the transplanting. They can be fully recovered in a short time, and the nutrients are normally absorbed and accumulated, which lays a good foundation for the normal growth and development of the fruit trees in the next spring.

2. At the end of winter and early winter, the temperature is low, the leaves have fallen, the sap is not flowing, the tree stops growing, and it does not consume a lot of nutrients. At this time, the limited nutrients absorbed by the roots of the injured fruit trees do not require a large supply of input trees, but are mainly used to supply root wound healing, and also accumulate some nutrients. A long winter is the best time for the roots of the fruit tree to heal. When the spring blooms in the next year, the wounds at the roots of the fruit trees have completely healed, and they can be put into normal suction and transport work in time to provide a continuous supply of nutrients for the trees.

Second, fruit trees autumn cultivation techniques

1. Use high quality and strong seedlings. In the autumn fruit trees, it is necessary to use high-quality grafted seedlings that have no pests and diseases and have not had early defoliation. The seedling height is 1-1.5 meters, the base diameter is about 1 centimeter, and the root system must be complete. Do not plant diseased seedlings, thin seedlings, aging seedlings.

2. Take a good seedling and transport the seedlings off. About 1 week before the seedlings are planted, the nursery ground should be filled with water once, to avoid root damage when starting the seedlings, and to keep the roots intact; the saplings transported by long-distance transportation, with the seedlings and the mud, and wrapped in wet grass or plastic bags, After loading, it should be covered with a tarpaulin before it can be transported.

3. Planting hole specifications. Dig a 50-80 cm square planting pit. When burrowing, the topsoil and the heart soil should be piled up separately. Each hole is applied with about 10 kg of soil and fertilizer. After the fertilizer and the topsoil are mixed, half of the backfill holes are left and the other half is left at the edge of the hole.

4. Planting time. It is generally appropriate to carry out the sputum from the end of October to the beginning of November before the leaves are frozen until the earth is frozen.

5. Planting methods. The "mud method" has a high survival rate. The method is: fill half of the topsoil into the hole, pour a sufficient amount of water (generally at least 1 barrel of water per hole), and stir the soil and water in the pit into a porridge with iron shovel. Then put the seedlings, shake them, and let the roots of the saplings stretch, then add the remaining topsoil back into the pits, and seal them after 2-3 hours of water seepage. The planting depth is generally more than 3-5 cm of the original seedling cultivation traces.

6. Strengthen post-plant management. After planting seedlings, it is best to cover the mulch with conditions, so as to protect against cold, increase ground temperature, speed up root healing, and prolong root growth time. If the mulch film is not covered, the soil must be mulched on the seedlings or the base of the seedlings. The height of the mound is 30-40 cm for moisturizing and cold protection. Before entering the winter, the seedlings should be dried, and the unfilled parts of the upper part of the seedlings should be cut off. The height of the fixed stems should vary depending on the variety of fruit trees. The fruit trees usually have a dry height of 70-80 cm. Apply lead oil to the cut to prevent evaporation and drain. In the spring of the next year, after the Qingming, open the mound or uncover the mulch, pour the germination water once, and then plow the soil and cover the film in time to facilitate the preservation and increase the ground temperature, and promote the germination of the seedlings.